“Her tone betrays the fear that linguists may invade and ravage precious literary territory.” From R. Fowler (1971)
Y a-t-il une traduction parfaite et unique pour un texte?
NON! Une traduction n’est jamais la seule possible, mais d’autres versions du même texte traduit sont valables, si elles respectent certains paramètres.
Deux types principaux de traduction:
transcodage: traduction littérale, c’est-à-dire mot-à-mot: tous les éléments du texte de départ réapparaissent dans le texte d’arrivée ;
traduction libre: retransmission libre au-delà de la structure morpho-syntaxique de l’énoncé du texte d’arrivée
La traduction littérale est aussi une traduction scolaire/pédagogique, qui ne contrôle que les structures de la langue étrangère et son vocabulaire, sans aucune considération du contexte.
La traduction littérale est rarement publiable à cause de son détachement de son contexte linguistique et extralinguistique.
“Words travel worlds. Translators do the driving.” – Anna Rusconi, Translator
“Without translation, I would be limited to the borders of my own country. The translator is my most important ally. He introduces me to the world.” – Italo Calvino
“Translating literary works from French to English requires much more than exchanging one word for another, more than trading sentences between languages. It takes an understanding of the author’s message to capture the vision, the essence, of the writing.” – Susanna McLeod
“If culture is a house, then language was the key to the front door; to all the rooms inside. Without it, you ended up wayward, without a proper home or a legitimate identity.” ― Khaled Hosseini
“Translation is that which transforms everything so that nothing changes.”- Günter Grass
“Translators should imagine their work as establishing a relation not only to the source text but also to the receiving culture. They need to immerse themselves in their particular cultural situation, to know and evaluate it, to take a position in relation to it.” – Lawrence Venuti
“The translator is a privileged writer who has the opportunity to rewrite masterpieces in their own language.”– Javier Marías
“A translator is a reader, an interpreter and a creator all in one.”- Bijay Kumar Das